{"id":5578,"date":"2021-02-22T09:58:27","date_gmt":"2021-02-22T09:58:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/alltrickinfo.in\/?p=5578"},"modified":"2021-03-20T02:07:53","modified_gmt":"2021-03-20T02:07:53","slug":"computer-ki-pidhiyan","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/gyanganga.in\/computer-ki-pidhiyan\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0915\u092e\u094d\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0940\u0922\u093c\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0902 \/ Computer Ki Pidhi"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0915\u092e\u094d\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0940\u0922\u093c\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0902 \/ Computer Ki Pidhi<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0938\u0928\u094d 1946 \u092e\u0948\u0902 \u091c\u092c \u092a\u0939\u0932\u093e \u0907\u0932\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0949\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u0902\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930 \u201c\u090f\u0928\u093f\u090f\u0915\u201d (ENIAC) \u0915\u093e \u0906\u0935\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0939\u0941\u0906 \u0925\u093e \u0924\u094b \u092f\u0939 \u0915\u0902\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930, \u0915\u0902\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u093e \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u092c\u0928\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u0902\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u094b \u0917\u0924\u093f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0940\u0964 \u0915\u0902\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0908 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0905\u0935\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0915\u0902\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930 \u0928\u0947 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0940 \u092f\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e \u0924\u092f \u0915\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0915\u0902\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0907\u0938 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0902\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u0938\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u092c\u0926\u0932\u093e\u0935 \u092d\u0940 \u0939\u0941\u090f \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u0902\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930 \u090f\u0915 \u092a\u0940\u0922\u093c\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u0940 \u092a\u0940\u0922\u093c\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0940 \u092a\u0940\u0922\u093c\u0940 \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u091a\u094d\u091b\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/gyanganga.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%B0-%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80-%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A2%E0%A4%BC%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82-Generations-of-Computers.jpg?resize=390%2C219&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\u0915\u092e\u094d\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0940\u0922\u093c\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0902 (Generations of Computers)\" class=\"wp-image-5585\" width=\"390\" height=\"219\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/gyanganga.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%B0-%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80-%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A2%E0%A4%BC%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82-Generations-of-Computers.jpg?w=640&amp;ssl=1 640w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/gyanganga.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%B0-%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80-%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A2%E0%A4%BC%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82-Generations-of-Computers.jpg?resize=300%2C169&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/gyanganga.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%B0-%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80-%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A2%E0%A4%BC%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82-Generations-of-Computers.jpg?resize=150%2C84&amp;ssl=1 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 390px) 100vw, 390px\" \/><figcaption>\u0915\u092e\u094d\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0940\u0922\u093c\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0902 \/ Computer Ki Pidhi<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0915\u0902\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e \u0914\u0930 \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0915 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0915\u0902\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0940\u0922\u093c\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u093e\u0902\u091a \u092d\u093e\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u093e\u0902\u091f \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table aligncenter\"><table class=\"has-subtle-pale-blue-background-color has-background\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>\u092a\u0940\u0922\u093c\u0940&nbsp;<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>\u0915\u092c \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u092c \u0924\u0915&nbsp;<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>\u0905\u0935\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917&nbsp;<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0925\u092e \u092a\u0940\u0922\u093c\u0940&nbsp;<\/td><td>1946 \u0938\u0947 1956 \u0924\u0915&nbsp;<\/td><td>\u0935\u0947\u0915\u094d\u092f\u0942\u092e \u091f\u094d\u092f\u0942\u092c&nbsp;<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0926\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0924\u0940\u092f \u092a\u0940\u0922\u093c\u0940&nbsp;<\/td><td>1956 \u0938\u0947 1964 \u0924\u0915&nbsp;<\/td><td>\u091f\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u091c\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u0930<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0924\u0943\u0924\u0940\u092f \u092a\u0940\u0922\u093c\u0940&nbsp;<\/td><td>1964 \u0938\u0947 1971 \u0924\u0915&nbsp;<\/td><td>\u0905\u0902\u0917\u0940\u092d\u0942\u0924 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u092a\u0925 (\u0907\u0902\u091f\u0940\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u091f\u0947\u0921 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0915\u093f\u091f )<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u091a\u0924\u0941\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u092a\u0940\u0922\u093c\u0940&nbsp;<\/td><td>1971 \u0938\u0947 1995 \u0924\u0915&nbsp;<\/td><td>\u092e\u093e\u0907\u0915\u094d\u0930\u094b\u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0938\u0947\u0938\u0930<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u092a\u0902\u091a\u092e \u092a\u0940\u0922\u093c\u0940&nbsp;<\/td><td>1995 \u0938\u0947 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u092d\u0935\u093f\u0937\u094d\u092f<\/td><td>\u0905\u0924\u093f \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0928\u0924 \u092e\u093e\u0907\u0915\u094d\u0930\u094b\u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0938\u0947\u0938\u0930<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><figcaption><strong>\u0915\u092e\u094d\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0940\u0922\u093c\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0902 \/ Computer Ki Pidhi<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/gyanganga.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/computer-ki-pidhiyan-aviska.jpg?resize=470%2C221&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\u0915\u092e\u094d\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0940\u0922\u093c\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0902 (Generations of Computers)\" class=\"wp-image-5584\" width=\"470\" height=\"221\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/gyanganga.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/computer-ki-pidhiyan-aviska.jpg?w=832&amp;ssl=1 832w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/gyanganga.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/computer-ki-pidhiyan-aviska.jpg?resize=300%2C141&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/gyanganga.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/computer-ki-pidhiyan-aviska.jpg?resize=768%2C362&amp;ssl=1 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 470px) 100vw, 470px\" \/><figcaption>\u0915\u092e\u094d\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0940\u0922\u093c\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0902 \/ Computer Ki Pidhi<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0915\u0902\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0925\u092e \u092a\u0940\u0922\u093c\u0940 (1946 \u0938\u0947 1956 \u0924\u0915)-<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0938\u0928\u094d 1946 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u092c \u090f\u0928\u093f\u090f\u0915 (ENIAC) \u0928\u093e\u092e \u0915\u093e \u0915\u0902\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964 \u0924\u092c \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u0940 \u0915\u0902\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0925\u092e \u092a\u0940\u0922\u093c\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0936\u0941\u0930\u0941\u0906\u0924 \u0939\u094b \u0917\u0908 \u0925\u0940, 1946 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0928\u093f\u090f\u0915 (ENIAC) \u0915\u0902\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u090f\u0915\u0930\u094d\u091f \u0914\u0930 \u091c\u0949\u0928 \u092e\u093e\u0901\u091a\u0932\u0940 \u0928\u093e\u092e \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094b \u0935\u0948\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0928\u0947 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u092f\u093e \u092c\u0928\u093e\u090f \u0925\u0947, \u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0925\u092e \u092a\u0940\u0922\u093c\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0902\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0907\u0932\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0915\u0932 \u0930\u093f\u0932\u0947 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0935\u0948\u0915\u094d\u092f\u0942\u092e \u091f\u094d\u092f\u0942\u092c (Vaccum Tube) \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0925\u093e \u091c\u093f\u0938 \u0915\u093e \u0906\u0935\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0928\u094d 1904 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0925\u092e \u092a\u0940\u0922\u093c\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0902\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0932\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 &#8211;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u092a\u0902\u091a \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0921 \u092a\u0930 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0907\u0928\u092a\u0941\u091f \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0907\u0928\u092a\u0941\u091f<\/li><li>\u0935\u0948\u0915\u094d\u092f\u0942\u092e \u091f\u094d\u092f\u0942\u092c \u092a\u0930 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924&nbsp;<\/li><li>\u0921\u093e\u091f\u093e \u0938\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092e\u0948\u0917\u094d\u0928\u0947\u091f\u093f\u0915 \u0921\u094d\u0930\u092e \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917&nbsp;<\/li><li>\u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0902\u0924 \u0928\u093e\u091c\u0941\u0915<\/li><li>\u0915\u092e \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935\u0938\u0928\u0940\u092f<\/li><li>\u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u0938\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u090f\u092f\u0930 \u0915\u0902\u0921\u0940\u0936\u0928\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917&nbsp;<\/li><li>\u0938\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092b \u092e\u0936\u0940\u0928\u0940 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0905\u0938\u0947\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0932\u0940 \u092d\u093e\u0937\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0902\u0917&nbsp;<\/li><li>\u0906\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u092c\u0921\u093c\u0947&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0915\u0902\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0924\u0940\u092f \u092a\u0940\u0922\u093c\u0940 (1956 \u0938\u0947 1964 \u0924\u0915)-<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0915\u0902\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0924\u0940\u092f \u092a\u0940\u0922\u093c\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0936\u0941\u0930\u0941\u0906\u0924 \u091f\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u091c\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u0930 (Transistor) \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0935\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u0941\u0908 \u0925\u0940\u0964 \u091f\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u091c\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u0906\u0935\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0932\u093f\u092f\u092e \u0936\u0949\u0915\u0932\u0947 \u0928\u0947 1947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0924\u0940\u092f \u092a\u0940\u0922\u093c\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0902\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e, \u0915\u0939\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u092e\u0924\u0932\u092c \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0924\u0940\u092f \u092a\u0940\u0922\u093c\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0902\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091f\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u091c\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0925\u093e, \u091f\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u091c\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u0902\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u093e\u0907\u091c \u091b\u094b\u091f\u093e \u0939\u094b \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u0902\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0924\u093f \u092d\u0940 \u0924\u0947\u091c \u0939\u094b \u0917\u0908 \u0925\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0924\u0940\u092f \u092a\u0940\u0922\u093c\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0902\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0925\u092e \u092a\u0940\u0922\u093c\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u092a\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u091c\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0926\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935\u0938\u0928\u0940\u092f \u0925\u0947\u0964 \u0915\u0902\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0924\u0940\u092f \u092a\u0940\u0922\u093c\u0940 1956 \u0938\u0947 1964 \u0924\u0915 \u091a\u0932\u0940 \u0925\u0940 \u0914\u0930 IBM-1401&nbsp; \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0924\u0940\u092f \u092a\u0940\u0922\u093c\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u0932\u094b\u0915\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f \u0915\u0902\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930 \u0925\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>\u0926\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0924\u0940\u092f \u092a\u0940\u0922\u093c\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0902\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0932\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 &#8211;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u091f\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u091c\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917<\/li><li>\u0906\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091b\u094b\u091f\u0947<\/li><li>\u0915\u092e \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0916\u092a\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947<\/li><li>\u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0917\u0924\u093f \u0938\u0947 \u0917\u0923\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947&nbsp;<\/li><li>\u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935\u0938\u0928\u0940\u092f&nbsp;<\/li><li>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0925\u092e \u092a\u0940\u0922\u093c\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u092a\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0915\u092e \u0916\u093c\u0930\u094d\u091a\u0940\u0932\u093e<\/li><li>\u0915\u094b\u092c\u094b\u0932(COBOL) \u0924\u0925\u093e \u092b\u094b\u0930\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0949\u0928 (FORTRAN) \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0940 \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930\u0940\u092f \u092d\u093e\u0937\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917<\/li><li>\u0909\u0928\u094d\u0928\u0924 \u0911\u092a\u0930\u0947\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0938\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u092e \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917&nbsp;<\/li><li>\u0938\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939\u0923 \u0921\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0907\u0938, \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0902\u091f\u0930 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0907\u0928\u092a\u0941\u091f \u0906\u0909\u091f\u092a\u0941\u091f \u0921\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0907\u0938 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong><strong>\u0915\u0902\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0943\u0924\u0940\u092f \u092a\u0940\u0922\u093c\u0940 (1964 \u0938\u0947 1971 \u0924\u0915) &#8211;<\/strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0915\u0902\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0943\u0924\u0940\u092f \u092a\u0940\u0922\u093c\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0936\u0941\u0930\u0941\u0906\u0924 1964 \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u094b \u0917\u0908 \u0925\u0940\u0964 \u0924\u0943\u0924\u0940\u092f \u092a\u0940\u0922\u093c\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0902\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0907\u0902\u091f\u0940\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u091f\u0947\u0921 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0915\u093f\u091f (Integrated Circuits) \u092f\u093e (IC) \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0925\u093e, \u0924\u0943\u0924\u0940\u092f \u092a\u0940\u0922\u093c\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0902\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930 \u0906\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0925\u092e \u0914\u0930 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0924\u0940\u092f \u092a\u0940\u0922\u093c\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0902\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u091b\u094b\u091f\u0947 \u0939\u094b \u0917\u090f \u0925\u0947 \u0905\u092c \u0907\u0928\u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0924\u093f \u092d\u0940 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u0941\u0915\u093e\u092c\u0932\u0947 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u0924\u0947\u091c \u0939\u094b \u0917\u0908 \u0925\u0940\u0964 \u0906\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u091b\u094b\u091f\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0924\u0943\u0924\u0940\u092f \u092a\u0940\u0922\u093c\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0902\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u0930\u0916\u0930\u0916\u093e\u0935 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u0906\u0938\u093e\u0928 \u0939\u094b \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>\u0924\u0943\u0924\u0940\u092f \u092a\u0940\u0922\u093c\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0902\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0932\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 &#8211;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u0907\u0902\u091f\u0940\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u091f\u0947\u0921 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0915\u093f\u091f (Integrated Circuits) \u092f\u093e (IC) \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917<\/li><li>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0925\u092e \u0914\u0930 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0924\u0940\u092f \u092a\u0940\u0922\u093c\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0902\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u0941\u0915\u093e\u092c\u0932\u0947 \u0906\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0935\u091c\u0928 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u0915\u092e<\/li><li>\u0917\u0924\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u0947\u091c<\/li><li>\u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935\u0938\u0928\u0940\u092f<\/li><li>\u0930\u0916\u0930\u0916\u093e\u0935 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u0938\u093e\u0928<\/li><li>\u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u092d\u093e\u0937\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0915\u0902\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u091a\u0924\u0941\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u092a\u0940\u0922\u093c\u0940 (1971 \u0938\u0947 1995 \u0924\u0915) &#8211;<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0938\u0928\u094d 1971 \u0938\u0947 1995 \u0924\u0915 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0902\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u091a\u0924\u0941\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u092a\u0940\u0922\u093c\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0902\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0923\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0930\u0916\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938 \u092a\u0940\u0922\u093c\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0902\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0907\u0902\u091f\u0940\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u091f\u0947\u0921 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0915\u093f\u091f \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0938\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0930\u0942\u092a \u201c\u0935\u093f\u0936\u093e\u0932 \u090f\u0915\u0940\u0915\u0943\u0924 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0915\u093f\u091f \u092a\u0930\u093f\u092a\u0925\u201d (Very Large Scale Integrated Circuits &#8211; VLSI) \u0915\u093e \u0907\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0947\u092e\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e, \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0907\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0947\u092e\u093e\u0932 \u0938\u0947 \u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917 300000 \u091f\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u091c\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0930\u093e\u092c\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0930\u093f\u092a\u0925 1 \u0907\u0902\u091a \u0915\u0947 \u091a\u094c\u0925\u093e\u0908 \u092d\u093e\u0917 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b \u092a\u093e\u092f\u093e, \u0906\u0935\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u0915\u0902\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u0940 \u0938\u0947\u0902\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0932 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0938\u0947\u0938\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u092f\u0942\u0928\u093f\u091f \u090f\u0915 \u091b\u094b\u091f\u0940 \u0938\u0940 \u091a\u093f\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906 \u0917\u0908 \u0925\u0940 \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0907\u0915\u094d\u0930\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0938\u0947\u0938\u0930 \u0915\u0939\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0925\u093e, \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u093e\u0907\u0915\u094d\u0930\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0938\u0947\u0938\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u092f\u0942\u091c \u0915\u0930\u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u090f \u0917\u090f \u0915\u0902\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092e\u093e\u0907\u0915\u094d\u0930\u094b \u0915\u0902\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930 \u0915\u0939\u093e \u0915\u0939\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092e\u093e\u0907\u0915\u094d\u0930\u094b\u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0938\u0947\u0938\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0941\u0906 \u0906\u0932\u094d\u091f\u0947\u092f\u0930 8800 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u093e \u092e\u093e\u0907\u0915\u094d\u0930\u094b \u0915\u0902\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930 \u0925\u093e \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0947 \u092e\u093f\u091f\u094d\u0938 (MITS) \u0928\u093e\u092e \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u0902\u092a\u0928\u0940 \u0928\u0947 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e, \u0907\u0938\u0940 \u0915\u0902\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u093f\u0932 \u0917\u0947\u091f\u0938 \u091c\u094b \u0909\u0938 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u0939\u093e\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0921 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935\u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0932\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u091b\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0925\u0947, \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u0921\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0915 \u0911\u092a\u0930\u0947\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0938\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u092e (\u0921\u0949\u0938) \u091c\u094b\u0915\u093f \u092e\u093e\u0907\u0915\u094d\u0930\u094b \u0915\u0902\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0925\u092e \u0938\u092b\u0932 \u0911\u092a\u0930\u0947\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0938\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u092e \u0925\u093e\u0964 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0909\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u0924\u0924\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0932\u0940\u0928 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u091a\u0932\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0902\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930 \u092d\u093e\u0937\u093e \u092c\u0947\u0938\u093f\u0915 (BASIC) \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0925\u0940, \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0938\u092b\u0932 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u092c\u093f\u0932 \u0917\u0947\u091f\u0938 \u0928\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0907\u0915\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0938\u0949\u092b\u094d\u091f \u0928\u093e\u092e \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u0902\u092a\u0928\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0925\u0940 \u091c\u094b \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0949\u092b\u094d\u091f\u0935\u0947\u092f\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u0915\u0902\u092a\u0928\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092e\u093e\u0907\u0915\u094d\u0930\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0938\u0947\u0938\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u093e \u092e\u093e\u0907\u0915\u094d\u0930\u094b\u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0938\u0947\u0938\u0930 \u0907\u0902\u091f\u0947\u0932 4004 \u0925\u093e\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u092a\u0940.\u090f\u092e.\u0913.\u090f\u0938. \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0915 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u093e 4-\u092c\u093f\u091f \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0921 \u0932\u0947\u0928\u094d\u0925 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u093e \u092e\u093e\u0907\u0930\u094b\u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0938\u0947\u0938\u0930 \u0925\u093e\u0964 \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0928\u094d 1970-71 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0907\u0902\u091f\u0947\u0932 \u0915\u0949\u0930\u092a\u094b\u0930\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u0905\u092e\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0924\u0948\u092f\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e, \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u0907\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0938\u093f\u0924 \u0907\u0902\u091f\u0947\u0932 4040 \u092e\u093e\u0907\u0915\u094d\u0930\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0938\u0947\u0938\u0930 \u0924\u0948\u092f\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0921\u0947\u0938\u094d\u0915\u091f\u0949\u092a \u0915\u0902\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u094b\u0930\u094d\u091f\u0947\u092c\u0932 \u092e\u094b\u092c\u093e\u0907\u0932 \u0915\u0902\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0915\u093f \u0932\u0948\u092a\u091f\u0949\u092a, \u0928\u094b\u091f\u092c\u0941\u0915, \u092a\u093e\u092e\u091f\u0949\u092a \u0906\u0926\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0915 \u0939\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u0907\u0915\u094d\u0930\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0938\u0947\u0938\u0930, CPU \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0936\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0915\u0902\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 CPU \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0926\u093e \u092e\u093e\u0907\u0915\u094d\u0930\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0938\u0947\u0938\u0930 \u0932\u0917\u0947 \u0939\u0941\u090f \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e\u0924\u093e\u0935\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0930, \u092e\u0947\u0928\u092b\u094d\u0930\u0947\u092e \u0915\u0902\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930, \u0938\u0941\u092a\u0930 \u0915\u0902\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0936\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0915\u0902\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u093e\u0907\u0915\u094d\u0930\u094b\u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0938\u0947\u0938\u0930 \u0932\u0917\u0947 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0910\u0938\u0947 \u0915\u0902\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930 \u091c\u093f\u0928\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u093e\u0907\u0915\u094d\u0930\u094b\u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0938\u0947\u0938\u0930 \u0932\u0917\u0947 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0909\u0928 \u0915\u0902\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u092e\u0932\u094d\u091f\u093f\u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0938\u0947\u0938\u0930 \u0915\u0902\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930 \u0938\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u092e \u0915\u0939\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\"><strong>\u091a\u0924\u0941\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u092a\u0940\u0922\u093c\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0902\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0932\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 &#8211;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u0935\u093f\u0936\u093e\u0932 \u090f\u0915\u0940\u0915\u0943\u0924 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0915\u093f\u091f \u092a\u0930\u093f\u092a\u0925 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917<\/li><li>\u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u0947\u091c\u0940 \u0938\u0947 \u0917\u0923\u0928\u093e&nbsp;<\/li><li>\u0906\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0902\u0924 \u091b\u094b\u091f\u0947&nbsp;<\/li><li>\u0938\u093e\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0906\u0926\u092e\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0916\u0930\u0940\u0926 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0926\u0930&nbsp;<\/li><li>\u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u0936\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935\u0938\u0928\u0940\u092f&nbsp;<\/li><li>\u092e\u0932\u094d\u091f\u093f\u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0938\u0947\u0938\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u0940 \u091b\u092e\u0924\u093e&nbsp;<\/li><li>\u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u092d\u0902\u0921\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e\u0924\u093e&nbsp;<\/li><li>\u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930\u0940\u092f \u092d\u093e\u0937\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093e\u092e \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e\u0924\u093e<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0915\u0902\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0902\u091a\u092e \u092a\u0940\u0922\u093c\u0940 (1995 \u0938\u0947 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u092d\u0935\u093f\u0937\u094d\u092f) &#8211;<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0915\u0902\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u093e\u0902\u091a\u0935\u0940 \u092a\u0940\u0922\u093c\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0936\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0915 \u092c\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0915\u0902\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u0932\u0947\u0915\u0930 \u092d\u0935\u093f\u0937\u094d\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0915\u0902\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0907\u0938 \u092a\u0940\u0922\u093c\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0902\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930 \u0905\u0924\u093f \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0928\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u094d\u092e \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0907\u0915\u094d\u0930\u094b\u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0938\u0947\u0938\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u090f \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u092a\u0940\u0922\u093c\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u0948\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u0902\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0943\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092e \u092c\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f\u092e\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e (Artificial Intelligance) \u0915\u094b \u091f\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0930 \u0930\u0939\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0915\u0902\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u093e\u0902\u091a\u0935\u0940\u0902 \u092a\u0940\u0922\u093c\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0936\u0941\u0930\u0941\u0906\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0902\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f \u0928\u0947\u091f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0915\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0908 \u0924\u093e\u0915\u093f \u0921\u093e\u091f\u093e \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0928\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0906\u092a\u0938 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0947, \u0928\u090f \u0905\u0924\u093f \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0928\u0924 \u0907\u0902\u091f\u0940\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u091f\u0947\u0921 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0915\u093f\u091f \u092a\u0930\u093f\u092a\u0925 (ULSI) \u0928\u0947 \u092a\u0941\u0930\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0905\u0924\u093f \u0935\u093f\u0936\u093e\u0932 \u0907\u0902\u091f\u0940\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u091f\u0947\u0921 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0915\u093f\u091f \u092a\u0930\u093f\u092a\u0925 (VLSI) \u0915\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u0936\u0941\u0930\u0942 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964 \u0907\u0938 \u092a\u0940\u0922\u093c\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0926\u093f\u0928 \u0915\u0902\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u091b\u094b\u091f\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0917\u0924\u093f \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u092e\u094b\u0930\u0940 \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0930\u0939\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u092b\u0932\u0938\u094d\u0935\u0930\u0942\u092a \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0902\u0924 \u091b\u094b\u091f\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u091b\u094b\u091f\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0907\u091c \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u0940 \u0915\u0902\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930 \u0909\u092a\u0932\u092c\u094d\u0927 \u0939\u094b \u092a\u093e\u090f \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\">&nbsp;<strong>\u092a\u0902\u091a\u092e \u092a\u0940\u0922\u093c\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0902\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0932\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 &#8211;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u0915\u0902\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u0906\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u0938\u0902\u092d\u0935 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e&nbsp;<\/li><li>\u0928\u0947\u091f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0915 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0907\u0902\u091f\u0930\u0928\u0947\u091f \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0941\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e<\/li><li>\u0915\u0943\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092e \u092c\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f\u092e\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e (Artificial Intelligance)<\/li><li>\u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0916\u092a\u0924 \u0915\u092e \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947&nbsp;<\/li><li>\u092e\u0932\u094d\u091f\u093f\u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0938\u0947\u0938\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u0932\u094d\u091f\u0940\u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0902\u0917&nbsp;<\/li><li>\u092e\u0932\u094d\u091f\u0940 \u091f\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0915\u093f\u0902\u0917&nbsp;<\/li><li>\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0939\u0930 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917\u0940<\/li><li>\u092c\u0947\u0939\u0924\u0930 \u0911\u092a\u0930\u0947\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0938\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u092e<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0907\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u0940 \u092a\u0922\u093c\u0947\u0902 :-<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/gyanganga.in\/computer-ka-itihas-history-of-computer\/\" target=\"_blank\" aria-label=\"\u0915\u0902\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u0907\u0924\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0938 (History of Computer) (opens in a new tab)\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" class=\"rank-math-link\">\u0915\u0902\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u0907\u0924\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0938 (History of Computer)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/gyanganga.in\/computer-ki-sanrachna\/\" target=\"_blank\" aria-label=\"Computer \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0930\u091a\u0928\u093e (opens in a new tab)\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" class=\"rank-math-link\">Computer \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0930\u091a\u0928\u093e<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/gyanganga.in\/computer-kya-hai-computer-ka-parichay\/\" target=\"_blank\" aria-label=\"\u0915\u0902\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948 ? Computer \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0930\u093f\u091a\u092f (opens in a new tab)\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" class=\"rank-math-link\">\u0915\u0902\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948 ? Computer \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0930\u093f\u091a\u092f<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Tags :- <\/strong>\u0915\u092e\u094d\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0940\u0922\u093c\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0902 \/ Computer Ki Pidhi, computer ki pidhiyan, Computer ki pidhiyon ko samjhao.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0915\u092e\u094d\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0940\u0922\u093c\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0902 \/ Computer Ki Pidhi \u0938\u0928\u094d 1946 \u092e\u0948\u0902 \u091c\u092c \u092a\u0939\u0932\u093e \u0907\u0932\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0949\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u0902\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930 \u201c\u090f\u0928\u093f\u090f\u0915\u201d (ENIAC) \u0915\u093e \u0906\u0935\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0939\u0941\u0906 \u0925\u093e \u0924\u094b \u092f\u0939 \u0915\u0902\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930, \u0915\u0902\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u093e \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u092c\u0928\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u0902\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u094b \u0917\u0924\u093f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0940\u0964 \u0915\u0902\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0908 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0905\u0935\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0915\u0902\u092a\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0930 \u0928\u0947 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0940 \u092f\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e \u0924\u092f [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":5585,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"tdm_status":"","tdm_grid_status":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[91],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-5578","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-computer"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/gyanganga.in\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5578","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/gyanganga.in\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/gyanganga.in\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gyanganga.in\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gyanganga.in\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5578"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/gyanganga.in\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5578\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gyanganga.in\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5585"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/gyanganga.in\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5578"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gyanganga.in\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5578"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gyanganga.in\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5578"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}